The Synchroscope

Synchroscope is used to determine the right instant at which the switch connecting alternator and power station busbars should be closed. this synchronizing process is very cruicial while connecting a new alternator with bus in order to share the load. there are follwing criterias for correct synchronizing which are as follows
busbar and incoming machine should have
  1. same voltage magnitude.
  2. should be in phase.
  3. should have same frequency.
  4. phase sequence should also be same.
The main function of synchroscope is to show difference in phase and frequency of voltages of busbar and the machine which is to be connected.
Electro-dynamometer type :
It has three limbed transformer one of outer limb is excited by busbar second outer limb is excited by alternator to be connected and the central limb is connected with a lamp.The resultant flux through the central limb is the phasor sum of the fluxes of two outer limbs. The outer ;imb winding are so arranged that when alternator and busbar voltage are in phase the two fluxes through the central limb are additive in nature and thus emf induced in central limb winding is maximum. therefore lamp glows with maximum brightness.
when the two have frequency difference the lamp flickers
the correct instant of synchronizing is when lamp is flickering at very low rate and it's brightness is maximum.

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